Improvement in radiator-tubes



E. RUSSELL.

Radiator-Tube.

Patented Q'ct; H, 1875.

N-PETERS. FHOWLITKOGRAPHER. WASHINGTONv D C4 UNI ED STATES PATENTOFFICE.-

EDMUND RUSSELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN RADIATOR-TUBES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168.674, dated October11, 1875 application filed September 27, 1675.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND RUssELL, of BrooklymNew York, have invented acertain Improvement in Radiator-Tubes, of which the following is aspecification:

My improvement belongs to that class of radiators in which circulationis established by the variable condensation of steam con- I tained intwo parallel passages connected with each other at their outer ends, andhaving a common connection with a steam-chest at their opposite ends.

One variety of this class of radiators is that for which Patent No.138,200 was granted to me April 22, 1873, which consisted of a loop piperadiator, the parallel sides of which were provided with one or morecross -connections between the ends of the loop. My present invention isan improvement upon thatradiator; and it consists of a straight tubeprovidedwith an inner longitudinal diaphragm, having perforations atprescribed intervals.

The object of my invention is to promote economy in manufacture.

I construct my radiator of cast-iron, and the expense of molding'it ismuch less than the expense of molding the looppipe radiator, while fromits simplicity of form there is less risk of losing the castings. j

The accompanying drawings are as follows: Figure 1 is alongitudinalsection of my radiatortube, showing the interior diaphragm and itsperforations, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section of he same through theline gr as on Fig. 1.

The radiator consists of a tube, A,having a central web, B, cast insideof it, the web having perforations O G at intervals, as shown. A malescrew-thread, D, is cut upon the lower end of the tube for engaging afemale thread inside of a hole tapped in the base in the usual way. Inthe casting operation the core occupies the two semi-cylindricalpassages E and I and the perforations O O O O. The two semi-cylindricalcores are mutually strengthened by the cross-connections occupying theperforations O O O O. The core may project from the tube and besupported at both ends. After being cast, the upper end of the tube isclosed by a cap or by a plug, as shown at G.

The lower end is open for insertion into the I the other of the sidepassages. As circulation depends wholly upon variability in theconditions of exposure of the different sides of the pipe, and as thedifferences in exposure are very slight, it is desirable to provideseveral openings from one chamber into the other at differentelevations. so that when, by reason of greater condensation in one ofthe passages than inthe other, the steam in such passage falls bysuperior gravity, its place may be immediately supplied by the hottersteam contained in the other passage.

Straight tubes, with a central diaphragm or partition, have been usedbefore, but the only connection between the two passages on either sideof the central diaphragm has been at the upper end of the tube. In suchradiators there can be no admission of steam from one passage into theother, excepting at the upper end of the tube.

In my radiator a slight excess of condensation, occurring near thebottom of one of the side passages, immediately results in the fall ofthe condensed steam and the entrance of the hotter steam from the otherpassage through one of the lower perforations in my diaphragm. By meansof these perforations, at various elevations, my radiator is renderedmore sensitive in respect of the facility which it affords for theestablishment of circulation up one of the passages and down the other,to and from the steam-chest or base.

I claim as my invention- In a straight radiator tube, closed at one endand open at the other for connection with a steam-chest or base, acentral longitudinal diaphragm, terminating a short distancefrom theclosed end of the tube, and having perforations at prescribed intervals,as and for the purposes described. I

EDMUND RUSSELL. Witnesses:

WM. B. TULLIs, EDWD. PAYSON.

